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This article is about the country. For other uses, see France (disambiguation).
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French Republic
République française (French)[1]

Flag National Emblem (unofficial)
Motto:
Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
(Liberty, Equality, Fraternity)
Anthem: La Marseillaise
Play sound
La Marseillaise.ogg

File:EU-France.svg
Location of Metropolitan France (dark green)

– on the European continent (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green) — [Legend]
Territory of the French Republic in the world(excl. Antarctica where sovereignty is suspended)

Territory of the French Republic in the world
(excl. Antarctica where sovereignty is suspended)
Capital
(and largest city) Paris
48°51.4′N 2°21.05′E / 48.8567°N 2.35083°E / 48.8567; 2.35083
Official language(s) French
Regional languages
(both official
and not official)
[show]
Alsatian
Basque
Breton
Caledonian2
Catalan
Corsican
Creoles2
Flemish
Franco-Provençal
Lorrain
Occitan
Oïl
Tahitian2[2]
Demonym French
Government Unitary semi-presidential republic
- President Nicolas Sarkozy (UMP)
- Prime Minister François Fillon (UMP)
Legislature Parliament
- Upper House Senate
- Lower House National Assembly
Formation
- Proto-French State 843 (Treaty of Verdun)
- Current constitution 5 October 1958 (5th Republic)
EU accession 25 March 1957
Area
- Total[3] 674,843 km2 (43rd)
260,558 sq mi
- Metropolitan France
- IGN[4] 551,695 km2 (47th)
213,010 sq mi
- Cadastre[5] 543,965 km2 (47th)
210,026 sq mi
Population
(1 January 2011 estimate)
- Total[3] 65,821,885[7] (20th)
- Metropolitan France 63,136,180[6] (22nd)
- Density[8] 116/km2 (89th)
301/sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2009 estimate
- Total $2.108 trillion[9]
- Per capita $33,678[9]
GDP (nominal) 2009 estimate
- Total $2.676 trillion[9]
- Per capita $42,747[9]
Gini (2008) 32.7[10]
HDI (2010) increase 0.872[11] (very high) (14th)
Currency Euro,[12] CFP franc[13]
(EUR, XPF)
Time zone CET[8] (UTC+1)
- Summer (DST) CEST[8] (UTC+2)
Drives on the right
ISO 3166 code FR
Internet TLD .fr[14]
Calling code 331
1 The overseas regions and collectivities form part of the French telephone numbering plan, but have their own country calling codes: Guadeloupe +590; Martinique +596; French Guiana +594, Réunion and Mayotte +262; Saint Pierre and Miquelon +508. The overseas territories are not part of the French telephone numbering plan; their country calling codes are: New Caledonia +687, French Polynesia +689; Wallis and Futuna +681
2 Spoken mainly in overseas territories

France (Listeni /ˈfræns/ franss or /ˈfrɑːns/ frahnss; About this sound French pronunciation (help·info): [fʁɑ̃s]), officially the French Republic (French: République française, pronounced: [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a state in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans.[15] Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is bordered (clockwise starting from the northeast) by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy and Monaco; with Spain and Andorra to the south. France is linked to the United Kingdom by the Channel Tunnel, which passes underneath the English Channel. In addition to these borders on the European continent France has land borders with Suriname and Brazil through French Guiana, as well as with the Netherlands through the Collectivity of Saint Martin. It is the largest west-European country and possesses the second-largest Exclusive Economic Zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 mi2), just behind the one of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 mi2).

Over the past 500 years,[16] France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and in the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean an Pacific Islands.

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